scapularis ticks during range expansion of this invasive vector of human and animal disease. The Vector-Borne Disease Laboratory of the Maine Medical Center Research Institute provided a free, statewide tick identification service during 1989–2013 to monitor exposure to I. We also anticipated that a serosurvey might provide evidence of asymptomatic POWV infection or self-limited illness in a few persons, as reported elsewhere ( 11, 12). miyamotoi, and POWV to clarify the frequency of exposure to each of these pathogens in resi-dents of Maine, USA, who had been bitten by I. Our objective was to determine the seroprevalence of B. scapularis bites ( 8) and rapidity of POWV transmission (i.e., POWV can be transmitted to vertebrates after only 15 min from onset of the tick bite) ( 10) raise concern. ![]() scapularis ticks is low (0.7%–1.8%) ( 9), frequent exposure to I. Although POWV infection prevalence in Maine I. One fatal Maine case was demonstrated to be caused by lineage 2 POWV ( 7). Both lineages are present in Maine ( 7), but lineage 1 has a lesser risk for transmission because human bites by I. cookei ticks and lineage 2, sometimes referred to as deer tick virus, is transmitted by I. There are 2 variants of POWV with distinct enzootic cycles and tick vectors. Powassan virus (POWV) encephalitis can have devastating complications and has infected 10 residents of Maine during 2000–2017. scapularis ticks in Maine, ≈10-fold less than that for B. miyamotoi infection prevalence of 3.7% in adult I. Hard-tick relapsing fever typically manifests as a nonspecific febrile illness ( 3, 4). The Maine Center for Disease Control reported the first 2 cases of hard-tick relapsing fever caused by Borrelia miyamotoi during 2016 and an additional 6 cases during 2017 ( 1). So, next time you’re out doing yard work or taking the dog for a walk, make sure you check for ticks when you’re done.Reports of Lyme disease in Maine, USA, have increased from a few cases in the late 1980s to 1,848 cases in 2017 ( 1), coinciding with range expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks over the past 3 decades ( 2).
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